Conclusion The decision-making process for issuing a CBDC varies among central banks, reflecting their distinct priorities and circumstances. Nevertheless, despite these differences, there are areas of alignment across jurisdictions that lay the groundwork for both domestic and cross-border interoperability. It is crucial for central banks to prioritize interoperability considerations early in the design process by adhering to a set of guiding principles. To facilitate global coordination and ensure harmonious implementation of CBDCs, the development of a comprehensive set of principles and standards becomes imperative. Drawing upon previous research and collaborative efforts, this set of principles can serve as a robust foundation, guiding central banks to proactively consider interoperability from the outset of their CBDC initiatives. By adopting these principles, central banks can work towards creating a cohesive and interconnected CBDC ecosystem. Looking ahead, the next crucial steps involve continuing the dialogue among central banks, policy-makers and stakeholders to further refine and establish a universally applicable set of standards. This process should be undertaken in an interdisciplinary manner, taking into account various perspectives and expertise. Additionally, it is essential to reach a consensus on the entity responsible for overseeing and enforcing these standards, ensuring their effective implementation and adherence across jurisdictions. By fostering ongoing public-private collaboration, sharing knowledge and establishing a coherent framework of principles and standards, central banks can promote interoperability and mitigate potential challenges in the development and implementation of CBDCs. Ultimately, a globally coordinated approach will facilitate seamless domestic and cross-border transactions, enhance financial inclusivity and contribute to the advancement of the digital economy. Central Bank Digital Currency Global Interoperability Principles 34
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